Researchers from Qualcomm, Amazon, and collaborators focused on understanding the signal-disrupting effects as millimeter waves pass through vehicles and the human hand and body. Measurements with a 28-GHz prototype and simulation studies suggested models of these effects. Analysis showed that disruptions stem from physical movements at time scales of a few 100 ms or more, which can be compensated for via network densification, subarray switching in user equipment, and fallback mechanisms.